AAM — Active Appearance Model
ACES — Academy Color Encoding System
ACM — Association for Computing Machinery
ADC — analog-to-digital converter
ADE20K — MIT scene-parsing dataset (~20,000 densely annotated images)
AE — autoexposure
AF — autofocus
AIM — Advances in Image Manipulation (workshop and challenge series)
AKAZE — Accelerated KAZE (feature detector)
APP1 — Application marker segment 1 (JPEG/EXIF)
AR — augmented reality
ARW — Sony Alpha Raw (file format)
ASR — automatic speech recognition
AV1 — AOMedia Video 1 (video codec)
AVA — Aesthetic Visual Analysis (dataset)
AWB — automatic white balance
BIONZ — Sony image-processing engine (brand name; no official expansion)
BM3D — Block-Matching and 3D filtering (denoising)
BRDF — bidirectional reflectance distribution function
BRIEF — Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features
BRISK — Binary Robust Invariant Scalable Keypoints
BSD100 — Berkeley Segmentation Dataset (100-image test subset)
BSSRDF — bidirectional scattering-surface reflectance distribution function
C2PA — Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity
CA — chromatic aberration
CAD — computer-aided design
CBIR — content-based image retrieval
CC — CameraCalibration matrix (in the DNG pipeline); Creative Commons in a licensing context
CC0 — Creative Commons Zero (public-domain dedication)
CCD — charge-coupled device
CCTV — closed-circuit television
CFA — color filter array
CIE — Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (International Commission on Illumination)
CIELAB — CIE Lab color space (lightness L with a, b colour-opponent axes)
CIPA — Camera & Imaging Products Association
CMOS — complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
CMYK — cyan, magenta, yellow, key (black)
CNN — convolutional neural network
COCO — Common Objects in Context (dataset)
COLMAP — structure-from-motion and multi-view-stereo software
CR2 — Canon Raw version 2 (file format)
CR3 — Canon Raw version 3 (file format)
CT — computed tomography
CVPR — (IEEE/CVF) Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
CYGM — cyan-yellow-green-magenta (color filter array)
D50 — CIE standard illuminant D50 (~5000 K daylight)
D65 — CIE standard illuminant D65 (~6500 K daylight)
DAVIS — Densely Annotated VIdeo Segmentation (dataset)
DC — direct current (the zero-frequency, average component)
DCF — Design rule for Camera File system
DCG — dual conversion gain
DCP — DNG Camera Profile (Adobe color profile)
DCS — Digital Camera System (Kodak)
DCT — discrete cosine transform
DFD — depth from defocus
DFT — discrete Fourier transform
DICOM — Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine
DIGIC — Digital Imaging Integrated Circuit (Canon image processor)
DIV2K — DIVerse 2K-resolution super-resolution dataset
DL — deep learning
DND — Darmstadt Noise Dataset
DNG — Digital Negative (raw file format)
DNN — deep neural network
DOF — depth of field
DSLR — digital single-lens reflex
ECCV — European Conference on Computer Vision
EECS — Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
EIS — electronic image stabilization
ETTR — expose to the right
EV — exposure value
EXIF — Exchangeable Image File Format
EXPEED — Nikon image-processing engine (brand name; no official expansion)
FAISS — Facebook AI Similarity Search
FAST — Features from Accelerated Segment Test
FFCC — Fast Fourier Color Constancy
FFHQ — Flickr-Faces-HQ (high-quality face dataset)
FFT — fast Fourier transform
FILM — Frame Interpolation for Large Motion
FLAME — Faces Learned with an Articulated Model and Expressions
FLANN — Fast Library for Approximate Nearest Neighbors
FOV — field of view
FWHM — full width at half maximum
GAN — generative adversarial network
GGX — Trowbridge-Reitz (GGX) microfacet distribution
GIMP — GNU Image Manipulation Program
GNSS — Global Navigation Satellite System
GNU — GNU's Not Unix (recursive acronym)
GPS — Global Positioning System
GRIN — gradient-index (lens)
GT — ground truth
HD — high definition
HDR — high dynamic range
HFD — half-flux diameter
HLG — hybrid log-gamma
HMR — Human Mesh Recovery
HNSW — Hierarchical Navigable Small World (graph index)
HSL — hue, saturation, lightness
IBIS — in-body image stabilization
ICC — International Color Consortium
ICCP — IEEE International Conference on Computational Photography
ICCV — (IEEE/CVF) International Conference on Computer Vision
IDE — integrated development environment
IEEE — Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IFD — Image File Directory (TIFF/EXIF)
ILM — Industrial Light & Magic
IM2GPS — Image-to-GPS geolocation method
IPTC — International Press Telecommunications Council
ISP — image signal processor
JEITA — Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association
JPG — JPEG image file (extension)
KADID — Konstanz Artificially Distorted Image Database
KAZE — feature detector (Japanese for "wind"; not an initialism)
KITTI — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute (dataset)
KLT — Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (tracker)
LDR — low dynamic range
LFW — Labeled Faces in the Wild (dataset)
LIVE — Laboratory for Image & Video Engineering (image-quality database)
LK — Lucas-Kanade
LMU — Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
LOD — level of detail
LPIPS — Learned Perceptual Image Patch Similarity
LRGB — luminance plus red, green, blue (astrophotography channels)
MAGSAC — MARGinalizing SAmple Consensus
MAP — maximum a posteriori
MATLAB — Matrix Laboratory (software)
MLESAC — Maximum-Likelihood-Estimation SAmple Consensus
MLP — multilayer perceptron
MPEG — Moving Picture Experts Group
MPI — Max Planck Institute (the MPI Sintel optical-flow dataset)
MTCNN — Multi-task Cascaded Convolutional Networks
MTF — modulation transfer function
NA — numerical aperture
NCC — normalized cross-correlation
ND — neutral density (filter)
NEF — Nikon Electronic Format (file format)
NeRF — neural radiance field
NIMA — Neural Image Assessment
NIR — near infrared
NL — non-local (as in NL-means)
NMS — non-maximum suppression
NN — nearest neighbor (also neural network)
NPR — non-photorealistic rendering
NTIRE — New Trends in Image Restoration and Enhancement (challenge)
NYU — New York University (the NYU-Depth dataset)
OCL — on-chip lens
OIS — optical image stabilization
OTF — optical transfer function
PCA — principal component analysis
PDI — Pacific Data Images
PQ — perceptual quantizer (HDR transfer function)
PROSAC — PROgressive SAmple Consensus
PSF — point spread function
PSNR — peak signal-to-noise ratio
PWM — pulse-width modulation
QP — quantization parameter (video coding)
QR — Quick Response (code)
R2D2 — Repeatable and Reliable Detector and Descriptor
RAF — Fujifilm Raw Format (file format)
RAFT — Recurrent All-pairs Field Transforms (optical flow)
RANSAC — RANdom SAmple Consensus
RBF — radial basis function
REDS — REalistic and Dynamic Scenes (dataset)
RMS — root mean square
SAD — sum of absolute differences
SDK — software development kit
SDR — standard dynamic range
SfM — structure from motion
SI — Système International d'Unités (International System of Units)
SIDD — Smartphone Image Denoising Dataset
SIFT — Scale-Invariant Feature Transform
SIMD — single instruction, multiple data
SLAM — simultaneous localization and mapping
SMPL — Skinned Multi-Person Linear model
SMPTE — Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
SNR — signal-to-noise ratio
SOR — successive over-relaxation
SR — super-resolution
SSD — sum of squared differences
SSIM — structural similarity (index)
SURF — Speeded-Up Robust Features
SVD — singular value decomposition
ToF — time of flight
UAV — unmanned aerial vehicle
UCS — uniform color space
UV — ultraviolet
VEB — Volkseigener Betrieb (East German state-owned enterprise)
VGG — Visual Geometry Group (Oxford)
WB — white balance
XMP — Extensible Metadata Platform
XOR — exclusive OR
YUV — luma (Y) with blue- and red-difference chroma (U, V)